Oscillator phase noise is a common problem in communications modem design. This form of hardware circuit degradation has a very large impact in the higher-level modulation types used in typical ...

Quadrature Amplitude Modulation (QAM) has been a fundamental component in the evolution of mobile connectivity. As the demand for faster data speeds and more efficient network utilization continues to ...

The advent of all‐optical modulation format conversion techniques has fundamentally reshaped modern optical communications. These techniques enable the direct manipulation of optical signals in their ...

New modulation schemes don’t come along very often. In fact, it has been years…decades really…. since any new modulation method has been invented. Remember there are only three basic ways a carrier ...

The distribution of content involves the need to adapt digital information to its means of carriage — what we typically call transmission — and to understand that fully, we need to understand the ...

As mobile communications become more pervasive, the amount of data flowing around the various networks and – importantly, the various parts of the spectrum – grows inexorably. The world, it is claimed ...

Dense device environment deployment will be made possible with WiFi 6. This will result in the support of higher service-level agreements to more concurrently connected users and devices with more ...